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Step by step setting MikroTik

Step by step setting MikroTik

Ne of the unemployed ngenet ngeposting Mikrotik Step by step for setting up the science of the OJT KU.

good read.

MikroTik RouterOS ™ is a linux operating system that can be used to make a computer into a powerful network router, includes a variety of features designed for IP networks and wireless networks, suitable for use by the ISP and provider hostspot.

There are also features the following:


* Firewall and NAT - stateful packet filtering; Peer-to-Peer protocol filtering; source and destination NAT; classification by source MAC, IP addresses (networks or a list of networks) and address types, port range, IP protocols, protocol options ( ICMP type, TCP flags and MSS), interfaces, internal packet and connection marks, ToS (DSCP) byte, content, matching sequence / frequency, packet size, time and more ...

* Routing - Static routing; Equal cost multi-path routing; Policy based routing (classification done in firewall); RIP v1 / v2, OSPF v2, BGP v4

* Data Rate Management - Hierarchical HTB QoS system with bursts; per IP / protocol / subnet / ports / firewall mark; pcq, RED, SFQ, FIFO queue; CIR, MIR, contention ratios, dynamic client rate equalizing (pcq), bursts, Peer-to-Peer protocol Limitation

* HotSpot - HotSpot Gateway with RADIUS authentication and accounting; true Plug-and-Play access for network users; data rate Limitation; differentiated firewall; traffic quota; real-time status information; walled-garden; customized HTML login pages; iPass support; SSL secure authentication; advertisement support

* Point-to-Point tunneling protocols - PPTP, PPPoE and L2TP Access concentrators and clients; PAP, CHAP, and MSCHAPv2 authentication protocols MSCHAPv1; RADIUS authentication and accounting; MPPE encryption; compression for PPPoE; data rate Limitation; differentiated firewall; PPPoE dial on demand

* Simple tunnels - IPIP tunnels, EoIP (Ethernet over IP)

* IPsec - IP security AH and ESP protocols; MODP Diffie-Hellman groups 1,2,5; MD5 and SHA1 hashing algorithms: DES, 3DES, AES-128, AES-192, AES-256 encryption algorithms; Perfect Forwarding Secrecy (PFS ) MODP groups 1,2,5

* Proxy - FTP and HTTP caching proxy server; HTTPS proxy; transparent DNS and HTTP proxying; SOCKS protocol support; static DNS entries; support for caching on a separate drive; access control lists; caching lists; parent proxy support

* DHCP - DHCP server per interface; DHCP relay; DHCP client; multiple DHCP networks: static and dynamic DHCP leases; RADIUS support

* VRRP - VRRP protocol for high availability

* UPnP - Universal Plug-and-Play support

* NTP - Network Time Protocol server and client; synchronization with
GPS system

* Monitoring / Accounting - IP traffic accounting, firewall actions logging, statistics graphs accessible via HTTP

* SNMP - read-only access

* M3P - MikroTik Packet Packer Protocol for Wireless links and Ethernet

* MNDP - MikroTik Neighbor Discovery Protocol; also supports Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)

* Tools - ping; traceroute; bandwidth test; ping flood; telnet; SSH; packet sniffer; Dynamic DNS update tool

Layer 2 connectivity:

* Wireless - IEEE802.11a/b/g wireless client and access point (AP) modes; Nstreme and Nstreme2 proprietary protocols; Wireless Distribution System (WDS) support; virtual AP; 40 and 104 bit WEP: WPA pre-shared key authentication; access control list; authentication with RADIUS server; roaming (for wireless client); AP bridging

* Bridge - spanning tree protocol, multiple bridge interfaces; bridge firewalling, MAC

* VLAN - Virtual LAN support on IEEE802.1q Ethernet and wireless links, multiple VLANs, VLAN bridging

* Synchronous - V.35, V.24, E1/T1, X.21, DS3 (T3) media types; sync-PPP, Cisco HDLC, Frame Relay line protocols; ANSI-617d (ANDI or annex D) and Q933a ( CCITT or annex A) Frame Relay LMI types

* Asynchronous - s * r * al PPP dial-in / dial-out; PAP, CHAP, and MSCHAPv2 authentication protocols MSCHAPv1; RADIUS authentication and accounting; onboard s * r * al ports; modem pool with up to 128 ports; dial on demand

* ISDN - ISDN dial-in / dial-out; PAP, CHAP, and MSCHAPv2 authentication protocols MSCHAPv1; RADIUS authentication and accounting; 128K bundle support; Cisco HDLC, x75i, x75ui, x75bui line protocols; dial on demand

* SDSL - Single-line DSL support; line termination and network termination modes

Standard installation can be performed on a PC computer that will be used as a router and does not require a substantial resource for the use of standards, for example, just as the gateway.

Spec_minimal follows it:

* CPU and motherboard - P1 ~ P4 be with, AMD, Cyrix origin is not a multi-processor

* RAM - minimum 32 MiB, maximum 1 GiB; 64 MiB or more highly recommended, if not all created the proxy, it is recommended 1GB ... comparison, the 15MB memory on the proxy there is 1GB ..

* A minimum of 128MB of parallel ATA HDD or Compact Flash, it is not advisable to use UFD, SCSI, what more S-ATA (maybe later Ver. 3.0)

* NIC 10/100 or 100/1000

For the purposes of a large load (a complex network, complex routing, etc.) are advised to consider the selection of an adequate resource PC.

More can be found at www.mikrotik.com. However Mikrotik is not free software, means we have to buy licenses to any facility that is provided. Free trial is only for 24 hours.

We can buy MikroTik software in the form of "license" in Citraweb, UFOAKSES, PC24 (or download crack it, he he he ...) Disk installed on previously downloaded / created MikroTik RouterOS kekeping ISO CD or disk on module (DOM). If we do not need to install the DOM bought but lived pairs of DOM on our PC IDE slot.

The following steps are the basics of setup is configured for a network mikrotik
simple as a gateway server.

A. The first step is to install RouterOS on a PC or connect the DOM.

2. Login In Mikrotik Routers via console:

MikroTik v2.9.39

Login: admin

Password: (blank)

Until this step we've been able to get in on the machine Mikrotik. The default user is admin and no password, just type admin and press the enter key.

3. To change the default password security

[Admin @ MikroTik]> password

old password: *****

new password: *****

Retype new password: *****

[Admin @ MikroTik]>

4. Changing the name of the Mikrotik Router, in this step we will change the name server to be
"WLI-r" (free, customized with the name of our network ...)

[Admin @ MikroTik]> system identity set name = r-WLI

[WLI-admin @ r]>

5. Look at Mikrotik Router interface

[WLI-admin @ r]> interface print

Flags: X - disabled, D - dynamic, R - running

# NAME TYPE RX-RATE TX-RATE MTU

0 R ether1 ether 0 0 1500

1 R ether2 ether 0 0 1500

[WLI-admin @ r]>

6. Provide the IP address on the interface Mikrotik. Suppose ether1 we will use to connect to the Internet with IP 192.168.0.1 and ether2 we will use for our local network with IP 172.16.0.1

[WLI-admin @ r]> ip address add address = 192.168.0.1 /

netmask = 255.255.255.0 interface = ether1

[WLI-admin @ r]> ip address add address = 172.16.0.1 /

netmask = 255.255.255.0 interface = ether2

7. See the IP address configuration we have given

[WLI-admin @ r]> ip address print

Flags: X - disabled, I - invalid, D - dynamic

# ADDRESS NETWORK BROADCAST INTERFACE

0 192.168.0.1/24 192.168.0.0 192.168.0.63 ether1

1 172.16.0.1/24 172.16.0.0 172.16.0.255 ether2

[WLI-admin @ r]>

8. Provide default Gateway, it is assumed gateway for internet connection is 192.168.0.254

[WLI-admin @ r]> / ip route add gateway = 192.168.0.254

9. View the routing table on the Mikrotik Routers

[WLI-admin @ r]> ip route print

Flags: X - disabled, A - active, D - dynamic,

C - connect, S - static, r - rip, b - bgp, o - ospf

# DST-ADDRESS G GATEWAY Pref-SRC DISTANCE INTERFACE

0 ADC 172.16.0.0/24 172.16.0.1 ether2

1 ADC 192.168.0.0/26 192.168.0.1 ether1

2 A S 0.0.0.0 / 0 r 192.168.0.254 ether1

[WLI-admin @ r]>

10. Gateway to Ping test to make sure the configuration is correct

[WLI-admin @ r]> ping 192.168.0.254

192.168.0.254 64 byte ping: ttl = 64 time

11. DNS setup on Mikrotik Routers

[WLI-admin @ r]> ip dns set primary-dns = 192.168.0.10 /

remoterequests = no allow-

[WLI-admin @ r]> ip dns set secondary-dns = 192.168.0.11 /

remoterequests = no allow-

12. Looking at the DNS configuration

[WLI-admin @ r] ip dns> pr

primary-dns: 192.168.0.10

secondary-dns: 192.168.0.11

allow-remote-requests: no

cache-size: 2048KiB

cache-max-ttl: 1w

cache-used: 21KiB

[WLI-admin @ r] ip dns>

13. Tests for the access domain, for example with ping domain name

[WLI-admin @ r]> ping yahoo.com

216 109 112 135 64 byte ping: ttl = 48 time = 250 ms
10 packets transmitted, 10 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min / avg / max = 571/571.0/571 ms
[WLI-admin @ r]>

If it is successful reply means DNS settings are correct.

14. Masquerading setup, if Mikrotik will serve as our gateway server so that client computers on the network can connect to the internet we need to be masquerading.

[WLI-admin @ r]> ip firewall nat add action = masquerade /

outinterface = ether1 chain: srcnat

[WLI-admin @ r]>

15. Look at the configuration Masquerading

[WLI-admin @ r] ip firewall nat print

Flags: X - disabled, I - invalid, D - dynamic

0 chain = srcnat out-interface = ether1 action = masquerade

[WLI-admin @ r]>

After this step can be done to check the connection of local networks. And if it means we have successfully managed to install MikroTik Router as a Gateway server. After connecting to the network can be managed using Winbox MikroTik which can be downloaded from the server mikrotik MikroTik.com or from us.

Suppose we mikrotik server Ip address 192.168.0.1, via the browser and open http://192.168.0.1 WinBox download from there.
If we want the client to get IP address automatically then we need to setup a dhcp server on the Mikrotik. Here are the steps:

A. Create an IP address pool
/ Ip pool add name = dhcp-pool ranges = 172.16.0.10-172.16.0.20

2. Add a DHCP Network and gateway which will be distributed to the client in this example is 172.16.0.0/24 and networknya gateway 172.16.0.1
/ Ip dhcp-server network add address = 172.16.0.0/24 gateway = 172.16.0.1

3. Add DHCP Server (in this case applied to the interface dhcp ether2)
/ Ip dhcp-server add interface = ether2 address-pool = dhcp-pool

4. View the status of the DHCP server

[WLI-admin @ r]> ip dhcp-server pr

Flags: X - disabled, I - invalid

# NAME INTERFACE RELAY ADDRESS-POOL LEASE-TIME ADD-ARP

x dhcp1 ether2 dhcp_pool1 yes 4w2d

[WLI-admin @ r]>

X states that the DHCP server has not enabled it is necessary to first dienablekan in step 5.

5. Do not Forget made enable first dhcp server
/ Ip dhcp-server enable 0

Then check back to dhcp-server such as step 4, if X is not there means it's active.

6. Tests from client

Run from the comman prompt

Microsoft Windows XP [Version 5.1.2600]
(C) Copyright 1985-2001 Microsoft Corp..

C: \ Documents and Settings \ EsDat> ping www.yahoo.com

Pinging www.yahoo-ht3.akadns.net [69,147,114,210] with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 124.158.129.5: bytes = 32 time = 34ms TTL = 59
Reply from 124.158.129.5: bytes = 32 time = 24ms TTL = 59
Reply from 124.158.129.5: bytes = 32 time = 41ms TTL = 59
Reply from 124.158.129.5: bytes = 32 time = 29ms TTL = 59

Ping statistics for 69,147,114,210:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 24ms, Maximum = 41ms, Average = 32ms

7. For the controller bandwidth, the system can be a simple queue or mangle

[WLI-admin @ r] queue simple> add name = Komputer01 /

interface = ether2 target-address = 172.16.0.1/24 max-limit = 65536/131072

[WLI-admin @ r] queue simple> add name = Komputer02 /

interface = ether2 target-address = 172.16.0.2/24 max-limit = 65536/131072

and so on
Labels: Network

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